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Enel

英语简介/Enel

  Enel is Italy’s largest power company and Europe’s second-largest utility for installed capacity. It produces, distributes and sells electricity and gas across Europe, North and Latin America. After the acquisition of the Spanish utility Endesa, together with partner Acciona, Enel has now a presence in 21 countries with approx. 80.000 MW of generating capacity and serves about 50 million power and gas customers. Listed on the Milan stock exchange since 1999, Enel has the largest number of shareholders of any Italian company, at some 1.7 million retail and institutional investors.

  BUSINESS OVERVIEW

  Enel is also the second-largest Italian distributor and vendor of natural gas, with over 2.3 million customers and a 12% market share. The company has 58,548 employees and operates a wide range of hydroelectric, thermoelectric, nuclear, geothermal, wind-power, and photovoltaic power stations.

  In 2006, Enel posted revenues of 38.5 billion euros, EBITDA of 8 billion euros and n

et income of 3 billion euros. Enel was the first utility in the world to replace its Italian customers’ traditional electromechanical meters with modern electronic devices that make it possible to take meter readings in real time and manage contractual relationships remotely. This innovation has enabled Enel to implement time-of-use electricity charges, which offer customer savings for evening and weekend electricity use, an initiative that has attracted interest from many utilities in Italy and around the world.

  INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS

  After having completed the sale of non strategic assets (property, telecommunications, water management ect.) Enel is actively engaged in international expansion in the power and gas market. With 19,000 MW in plants using renewable energy resources (hydro, geothermal, wind, solar and biomass) across the world, Enel is a world leader in the sector.

  In December 2006, Enel launched a five-year plan (2007–2011) for the development of renewable energy sources and for research and development of new environmentally friendly technologies with an overall investment of 4.1 billion euros.

  Enel is strongly focused on international growth and has a presence in Europe (Bulgaria, France, Greece, Italy, Romania, Slovakia and Spain), North America (Canada and the United States) and Latin America (Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala and Panama). With Endesa, Enel will also be present in Argentina, Colombia, Morocco, Peru and Portugal).

  Enel runs operations in Spain in the generation, distribution and sale of electricity with the companies of the Viesgo Group, which has about 2,200 MW in installed capacity, and with Enel Union Fenosa Renovables, a company active in the wind and hydro power sector.

  On 1 October 2007, Enel and partner Acciona successfully completed their Joint Tender Offer over Endesa. Enel and Acciona currently hold 92.06% of the share capital of Endesa (Enel 67.05%, Acciona 25.01%).

  Enel is one of the largest renewable independent operators in the Americas with Enel North America and Enel Latin America, two companies that have about 1000 MW of installed capacity.

  In North America Enel has over 400 MW of hydroelectric, wind and biomass power generation and has signed an agreement with the company TradeWind Energy in the US to develop over 1000 MW of new wind power.

  In Latin America Enel operates over 600 MW of hydroelectric and wind power plants, including third companies operations in El Salvador and Panama respectively in the geothermal and hydroelectric fields.

  In France, Enel has acquired Erelis, a company that has authorizations in several different fields to build wind plants of up to 500 MW. Over more, it has signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Edf to acquire 12.5% of the new nuclear power project European Pressurized Reactor (EPR). Enel owns 5% of the French power stock exchange Powernext and is one of the main operators in energy trading in the country with 1000 MW exchanged in 2006.

  In Bulgaria, Enel acquired control of one of the country’s largest power plants, Maritza East 3, in March 2003. The lignite-fired facility has a capacity of 840 MW.

  In Slovakia, in February 2005, Enel acquired 66% of Slovenské elektrárne (SE), the largest electricity generator in the country, and the second-largest in Central and Eastern Europe, with a generation capacity of 7000 MW, a mix of nuclear, thermal and hydro assets.

  In Romania it acquired 51% of two electricity distribution companies in April 2005: Electrica Banat and Electrica Dobrogea, which supply 1.4 million customers. Further to the acquisition of Electrica Muntenia Sud, the company will double its presence in the Romanian power distribution sector, reaching about 2.5 million customers.

  In Russia, Enel managed from June 2004 to September 2007– in partnership with the local private group ESN Energo – the North-West Thermal Power Plant in St. Petersburg. Enel has also acquired from the ESN Group 49.5% of RusEnergoSbyt, a Russian trader providing electricity to major industrial customers. On April 4, 2007, Enel acquired through SeverEnergia (formerly Enineftegaz, a consortium 40% Enel – 60% Eni) a group of promising gas fields including 100% of OAO Arcticgaz, 100% of ZAO Urengoil, 100% of OAO Neftegaztechnologia. Enel also holds a 37.15% stake in jcs Fifth Generation Company of the Wholesale Electricity Market (“OGK-5) is about to launch a public tender offer over the entire share capital of the group.

  SHAREHOLDING STRUCTURE

  The Italian Economy Ministry holds 21.1% of the company directly and another 10.1% indirectly through state-run lender Cassa Depositi e Prestiti, leaving a free-float of some 68.8%. Thanks to its Code of Ethics, Sustainability Report, its environmental protection policy and the adoption of international best practices for transparency and corporate governance, Enel’s shareholders include leading international investment funds, insurance companies and pension funds, ethical funds, along with Italian retail investors.

简介/Enel

  意大利国家电力公司(ENEL),意大利电力工业早期主要由私营企业经营,1962年后根据"公共电业国有法",政府接管了全国的私营电力公司,组建了国有的意大利国家电力公司(ENEL),对发、输、配电采用垂直一体化管理体制,是意大利最大的发电供电商。意大利国家电力公司目前在意大利全国的客户数量有3千万户,占整个意大利的87%。该公司还是欧洲惟一通过ISO14001认证的能源企业。旗下主要有电力和天然气两大业务分支。天然气公司(EnelReteGas)2005年销售天然气52亿立方米,市场份额占12%。除此之外,意大利国家电力公司还有电力、能源设备制造、环保设备制造、研究开发、新型能源开发等公司和机构20多个。

  在国外独资、合资以及参股的公司有10余家,主要分布在西班牙、斯洛伐克、罗马尼亚、保加利亚。在南美、北美设有清洁能源开发公司。

  该公司2005年销售额为423亿欧元。在2006年度《财富》杂志评出的世界500家最大公司中列第132位。

  意大利国家电力公司是由21家电力、电信、网络、检测企业组成的集团公司,是意大利最大的电力供应商和第二大天然气经销商、供应商。1999年,意大利国家电力公司在米兰和纽约股票交易所同时上市,市值400多亿欧元。该公司已在北京设立了办事处。

与中国的主要合作项目/Enel

  意大利国家电力公司(Enel)2006年与中国国家环保总局和工业制冷设备生产企业签订三项协议购买中国的温室气体“减排额度”(Erap:emissionreductionpurchaseagreement)。根据协议内容,意大利国家电力公司(Enel)将获得Hfc-23气体的氧化物的排放购买权,这种物质是生产制冷物质的副产物,其产生的“温室效应”比二氧化碳高11,000倍。意大利国家电力公司(Enel)还将在北京开设办事处并进一步加强与中国在生物能源、水电和降低矿山气体排放的合作。

  2006年5月,意大利国家电力公司与湖北华清电力有限公司在宜昌签署鹤峰淋溪河电站项目清洁能源减排量购买协议。根据协议,华清公司淋溪河水电站建成后年可抵二氧化碳减排量为28万吨,意大利国家电力公司每年按每吨约7美元购买,2010年建成后开始付款,2012年前为第一承诺期。协议正式签署生效后,华清公司淋溪河水电站将得到意大利国家电力公司先进建设技术和每年196万美元的支持。淋溪河水电站位于鹤峰县渔山村境内,电站装机17万千瓦,主送湖北电网。计划2007年开工,工期为4年。

  二氧化碳减排额背景资料:2005年2月正式生效的《京都协议书》明确规定:从2008年到2012年,所有工业发达国家要将二氧化碳等6种温室气体的排放量在1990年的基础上降低5.2%。发达国家每帮助发展中国家减少1吨二氧化碳排放量,就可获得等量排放权。上述合作机制即清洁发展机制CDM,是一种跨国贸易投资机制,其所设计的二氧化碳减排额是一种虚拟商品,其交易规则十分严格,开发程序也比较复杂。

  中国在《京都协议书》中属发展中国家,由于2012年以前不需要承担具体减排义务,因此在中国境内所有减少的温室气体排放量,都可以按照《京都协议书》中的CDM机制转变成有价商品向发达国家出售。

发展概况/Enel

  意大利国家电力公司ENEL是全球第三大电力公司,是意大利国内最大的国有公共事业企业。与美国、法国、罗马尼亚等国家有着密切的合作。

  EnelS是一家业绩优良的意大利国有控股公司,2003年营业收入超过310亿欧元,净利润达25亿欧元。它是意大利第一大电力供应商,在国内拥有超过4500万kW的总装机容量,约3000万用电客户,它还是意大利第二大天然气销售供应商,为190万用户提供天然气。此外,它还是全球再生能源利用方面的前导企业,在西班牙、北美和拉丁美洲等地区有广泛影响。EnelS在资本市场也占据重要地位。1999年11月EnelS分别在米兰和纽约证券交易所首次公开发行了价值165.5亿欧元的股票,占国有股权的32%,是迄今欧洲规模最大、全球排名第二的IPO,股东人数达到250万。去年10月,意大利政府又通过摩根斯坦利成功抛售了6.6%的国有股权,获得21.7亿欧元的收入。在《商业周刊》评选的2003年度全球股票市值最大的1000家公司排行榜中,EnelS名列第77位。

  意大利电力工业早期主要由私营企业经营,1962年后根据“公共电业国有法”,政府接管了全国的私营电力公司,组建了国有的意大利国家电力公司(ENEL),对发、输、配电采用垂直一体化管理体制,是意大利最大的发电供电商。

  1992年,ENEL成为联合股份公司,到1999年11月,ENEL售出了34.5%的股份并在米兰和纽约股票交易所上市。当时约有300万人买进了该股,使之成为意大利持有最为广泛的股票。1999年底,ENEL抽资脱离3个独立的发电公司,这3个公司分别是:最大的Eruogen公司,位居第2的Elettrogen公司和Interpower公司,他们的总发电容量为1500万kW。

  2000年5月,ENEL将它的26座水电站卖给了一家合资公司,该公司将负责这些电站以及相关输变电网的运行。2000年4月意大利国家电力调度中心(GRTN)正式开始运行,财政部拥有其全部股份。GRTN受工业部和其他政府部门领导,与电网的拥有者是合同关系。GRTN的主要职责是管理输电和调度;根据安全、可靠性及经济标准明确网络的检修和发展计划;与电网拥有者签定合同。GRTN下又成立了2个公司,即市场运行者(MO)公司和单一购买者(SB)公司。GRTN对这2个公司拥有100%的股份。

  2003年10月,为提高机构投资者持有量,意大利经济部作价22亿欧元将该公司6.6%的股权出售给摩根士丹利(MorganStanley)。意大利经济部目前直接持有ENEL公司50%的股票,通过国有信贷机构CassaDepositiePrestiti间接持有该公司10%的股票。

  2004年10月,EnelS国有股权的再次出售,将对意大利的财政状况、电力改革和资本市场产生重要影响。

  作为欧盟电力排放大户,Enel在过去的三年中年均排放高达6000万吨CO2。据初步统计,Enel在《京都议定书》第一承诺期间(2005-2012年)每年须采购的CO2减排额将高达500-1500万吨。

  2008年8月,意大利《晚邮报》8月12日报道,意大利国家电力公司将冒险出资1.5亿欧元购买印度尼西亚BAYAN RESOURCES 10%的股权。该公司总裁称,尽管亚洲市场以及煤炭供应存在许多不确定因素,但意大利国家电力集团将铤而走险。印度尼西亚是意大利煤炭的第一大来源国,其次分别为南非、哥伦比亚、俄罗斯和澳大利亚。目前意大利的电力的30%来自煤炭发电。意大利国家电力集团已经在CIVITAVECCHIA港口建设现代化“清洁“煤炭发电厂,还将在TOLLE港口建设第二座类似的发电厂。由于煤炭发电成本低于其他化石燃料,煤炭与石油天然气相比受政治因素的影响较小,因此意大利将使来自煤炭的发电量达到50%的份额。

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