第一能源公司简介
第一能源公司(FirstEnergy Corp.，NYSE: FE)是一家公共事业控股型公司，在全美列为第四大电力供应公司。总部设在美国俄亥俄州的阿克兰，为俄亥俄、宾州、新泽西州的用户供电和提供天然气的服务。第一能源公司十分重视开展电子服务工作，利用互联网和通讯技术不断改进对客户的服务水平，以增收节支。第一能源公司的发展战略就是努力打造最先进的电子商务——通过建设顾客服务网来提供全美最好的电子式电力服务。
该公司建设的顾客服务网在全美是首屈一指的，因为它拥有在电子信息技术上的优势——他们是第一通讯公司的控股公司。
美国第一能源公司实力极为雄厚，每年的收入超过120亿美元，资产超过340亿美元，拥有14700英里的输电线路和103个连接线路，将14个电力系统联结在一起。此外还运行着16个发电厂，总容量为1300万千瓦。为了提高供电可靠性，该公司还准备了80万千瓦启动迅速的燃气发电设备，以满足高峰时的需求。
第一能源公司的业务
第一能源公司的业务主要包括电力生产、电力输送分配、石油和天然气的开采生产、天然气的输送和营销、能源管理以及其它与能源相关的服务。
FirstEnergy Corp
FirstEnergy Corp. (NYSE: FE), is a diversified energy company headquartered in Akron, Ohio. Its subsidiaries and affiliates are involved in the generation, transmission, and distribution of electricity, as well as energy management and other energy-related services. Its seven electric utility operating companies comprise the nation’s fifth largest investor-owned electric system, based on serving 4.5 million customers within a 36,100-square-mile (93,000 km2) area of Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey; and its generation subsidiaries control more than 14,000 megawatts of capacity. In 2007, FirstEnergy ranked 212 on the Fortune 500 list of the largest public corporations in America.
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Formation of the company
FirstEnergy was formed in 1997, when Ohio Edison Company and its subsidiary, Pennsylvania Power Company merged with Centerior Energy Corp. and its subsidiaries, The Cleveland Electric Illuminating Company and The Toledo Edison Company. In 2001, FirstEnergy merged with GPU, Inc., the owner of Jersey Central Power & Light Company, Pennsylvania Electric Company (Penelec), and Metropolitan Edison Company (Met-Ed).
Ohio Edison
Ohio Edison Company (formerly NYSE: OEC) was a publicly-traded holding company that began in 1930, from the consolidation of 200 electric companies. By 1950, it ended up with two utility operating companies. Ohio Edison Company continued in existence until 1997 when its merger with Centerior formed FirstEnergy:
In 1944, the Pennsylvania Power Company became a subsidiary of Ohio Edison, and is now one of the seven FirstEnergy operating utilities.
In 1950, the Ohio Edison Company merged with the Ohio Public Service Company, which continued to operate under its new Ohio Edison name. It is now one of the seven FirstEnergy operating companies.
Centerior
Centerior Energy Corporation (formerly NYSE: CX) was formed in 1986 from the merger of two old operating companies. Centerior was based in Independence, Ohio and existed as a publicly-traded holding company for only ten years, until its merger with Ohio Edison formed FirstEnergy in 1997:
Cleveland Electric Illuminating Company, commonly known as The Illuminating Company, was a publicly-traded operating company through 1986, until it merged with Toledo Edison to come under the control of Centerior. Having been acquired by 1929, (org chart) by 1940 it had become one of ten major direct subsidiaries of North American Company, which in turn had once been one of the original 12 stocks listed in the Dow Jones Industrial Average.
Toledo Edison Company (formerly NYSE: TED) was a publicly-traded utility operating company, until it merged to form Centerior in 1986.
GPU
General Public Utilities (formerly NYSE: GPU) was a publicly-traded utility holding company in Morristown, New Jersey. In 1996 the company was reorganized and renamed GPU, Inc. In 1996 it formed a new division as well, GPU Energy, which became the holding company for its three utility operating companies:
Jersey Central Power and Light
Penelec, formerly Pennsylvania Electric Company
Met-Ed, formerly Metropolitan Edison
In 2001, FirstEnergy Corporation, with its four utility operating companies, merged with GPU, Inc., bringing GPU’s three additional operating companies into FirstEnergy as well.
Through the 2001 acquisition of GPU, FirstEnergy also acquired:
MYR Group (formerly NYSE: MYR), a subsidiary that GPU had created as a publicly-traded company in the 1996 reorganization, to install and maintain utility power lines and cellular telephone communications towers.
Generating capacity
FirstEnergy’s electric generation is primarily from coal and nuclear power plants. The system also includes natural gas, oil, and hydroelectric power plants. FirstEnergy operates the Beaver Valley, Davis-Besse, and Perry nuclear power plants.
Environmental record
A study conducted by the University of Massachusetts has named FirstEnergy Corp. the 58th most toxic corporate air polluter with 21.65 million pounds of toxic air releases in 2002.
FirstEnergy is required to pay $1.5 billion by 2011 as part of a settlement to end a lawsuit that the United States Environmental Protection Agency? has filed. This lawsuit alleged that the company failed to install pollution control equipment when upgrading its coal burning plants. Also as part of the settlement, major pollution control equipment is now being installed at the FirstEnergy Sammis site and others. This lawsuit was one of the New Source Review lawsuits filed in the 1990s.
In order to show that the company is concerned about the environment, FirstEnergy Solutions Corp. has given renewable energy certificates to help balance out the amount of electricity used in Earth Day events that were held at nine post-secondary education locations in Maryland, New Jersey, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. Each of the schools received five SmartWind REC’s, enough energy to light a large building for the entire day.
Notable accidents and incidents
The 2003 North American blackout was attributed partly to FirstEnergy’s failure to trim the trees around its high voltage lines in a certain sector of Ohio; heat and extreme power needs caused the lines to sag, coming into contact with the trees and causing flashover.
The Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission voted on January 16, 2004 to investigate Metropolitan Edison, Pennsylvania Electric and Pennsylvania Power (the former GPU companies) because their service reliability “may have fallen below established standards”. A quarter century earlier, GPU’s Three Mile Island was the scene of the worst civilian nuclear accident in American history.
On Friday, January 20, 2006, FirstEnergy acknowledged a cover-up of serious safety violations by former workers at the Davis-Besse Nuclear Power Station, and accepted a plea bargain with the U.S. Department of Justice in lieu of possible federal criminal prosecution. The plea bargain relates to the March 2002 discovery of severe corrosion in the pressure vessel of the nuclear reactor, contained within the plant’s containment building. In the agreement, the company agreed to pay fines of $23 million, with an additional $5 million to be contributed toward research on alternative energy sources and to Habitat for Humanity as well as to pay for costs related to the Federal investigation. In addition, two former employees and one former contractor were indicted for purposely deceiving Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) inspectors in multiple documents (including one videotape) over several years, hiding evidence that the reactor pressure vessel was being seriously corroded by boric acid. The maximum penalty for the three is 25 years in prison. The indictment also cites other employees as providing false information to inspectors, but does not name them.
In 2005, the NRC identified two earlier incidents at Davis-Besse as being among the top five events (excluding the actual disaster at Three Mile Island) most likely to have resulted in a nuclear disaster in the event of a subsequent failure.