南非储备银行简介

南非储备银行(The South African Reserve Bank,SARB)，系南中央银行，始建于1920年，为股份有限银行，除行长与副行长由政府任命外，享有很大的独立决策权。总部设在比勒陀利亚。

南非储备银行作为中央银行对其它南非金融机构进行协调和管理。主要的银行有商业银行、综合银行、商人银行、贴现银行和房屋互助会等，还有南非土地农业银行、南非邮政储蓄银行和南部非洲开发银行等非正规银行。

南非储备银行的功能

The SARB controls credit and regulates the amount of money in circulation in the following ways:

Increasing the discount rate in times of excessive spending;
Lowering the discount rate in times of slack business and scarce money;
Opening market transactions in times of excessive spending and rising prices;
Opening market transactions in times of recession, when business is slack;
Increasing cash reserves;
Decreasing cash reserves;
Disciplinary measures;
Stabilising rates of exchange;
Credit rationing;
Bank of issue;
Acting as the government’s banker;
Acting as a custodian of banks’ cash reserves;
Custodian of gold;
Bank of rediscount;
Clearing bank.