生平简介/保罗·罗森斯坦·罗丹
保罗·罗森斯坦·罗丹PaulRosenstein-RodanwasanAustrianeconomistborninKraków,whowastrainedintheAustriantraditionatVienna.Hisearlycontributionstoeconomicswereinpureeconomictheory—-onmarginalutility,complementarity,hierarchicalstructuresofwantsandtheever-Austrianissueoftime.Rosenstein-RodanemigratedtoBritainin1930,andtaughtatUCLandthenatLSEuntil1947.HethenmovedtotheWorldBank,beforemovingontoMIT,wherehewasaprofessorfrom1953to1968.HesubsequentlymovedtoTexasandBostonUniversity.
学术研究与主要贡献/保罗·罗森斯坦·罗丹
Hewastheauthorofatheoryofthe’BigPushModel’inwhichhecomparedanunderdevelopedeconomytoanairplaneonarunway.Anairplane,beforeitflies,hastogainacertainvelocityinordertotakeoff.Similarly,aneconomywasabletofunctionalongAdamSmith’sfreemarketprinciplesonlywhenitgainedmomentumstimulatedbyplannedlarge-scaleinvestmentprogrammes.
Rosenstein-Rodan’sfamous1943articlearguedthatindustrializationcouldberegardedasthe”initiator”ofeconomicdevelopment.Histhesis,basedonYoung’sfamous1928paper,arguedthatgivenincreasingreturnstoscale,government-inducedindustrializationwaspossible.Creditedwithhaving”initiated”thetheoryofeconomicdevelopment,Rosenstein-Rodan’sfutureworkexhibitedhiscontinuedconcernwiththisissue.
主要著作/保罗·罗森斯坦·罗丹
“MarginalUtility”,1927,HandworterbuchderStaatswissenschaften
“DasZeitmomentinderMathematischenTheoriedesWirschaftlichenGleichgewichtes”,1929,ZfN
“LaComplementarieta:PrimadelletreetappedelpogressodellaTeoriaEconomicaPura”,1933,LaRiformaSocial
“TheRoleofTimeinEconomicTheory”,1934,Economica
“ACoordinationoftheTheoriesofMoneyandPrice”,1936,Economica
“ProblemsofIndustrializationofEasternandSouth-EasternEurope”,1943,EJ
“TheInternationalDevelopmentofEconomicallyBackwardAreas”,1944,InternationalAffairs
DisguisedUnderemploymentandUnder-employmentinAgriculture,1956.
“InternationalAidforUnderdevelopedCountries”,1961,REStat
“NotesontheTheoryoftheBigPush”,1961,inEllis,editor,EconomicDevelopmentforLatinAmerica
“CriteriaforEvaluationofNationalDevelopmentEffort”,1969,JDevelopmentPlanning